RhetoricScore Review Lab

{
  "article_author": "Maria Luz Moraleda",
  "article_content": "\u003cdiv class=\"entry\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome 8,000 women journalists from Spain, among them the author of this post, recently signed a manifesto called \u201c\u003ca href=\"https://lasperiodistasparamos.wordpress.com/\"\u003eJournalists On Strike\u003c/a\u003e,\u201d which was read during the \u201cFeminist Strike\u201d that took place on March 8 in a dozen cities in Spain.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeither the manifesto nor the strike were initiated by a union, political party, or media source, as is often the case. For the first time, women television show hosts, radio presenters, and newscasters decided to turn off their microphones in the studio and take their voices to the streets.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistasParamos?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#LasPeriodistasParamos\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/IyIJBV00cO\"\u003ehttps://t.co/IyIJBV00cO\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u2014 Ana Pastor (@_anapastor_) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/_anapastor_/status/971800911940063232?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003eMarch 8, 2018\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e#WeWomenJournalistsStrike\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"es\"\u003eEn la informaci\u00f3n parlamentaria trabajan muchas, muchas, muchas mujeres. Aqu\u00ed algunas \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistas?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#LasPeriodistas\u003c/a\u003e paramos, tambi\u00e9n contra la \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/miradaparacial?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#miradaparacial\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Z6NmYSWwOF\"\u003epic.twitter.com/Z6NmYSWwOF\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u2014 Sonia S\u00e1nchez (@sanchez_sonia) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/sanchez_sonia/status/971358926905241602?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003eMarch 7, 2018\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany, many women work in parliamentary information. Here are some of the #Women\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistas?src=hash\"\u003eJournalists\u003c/a\u003e on strike and standing up against discrimination.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Madrid?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#Madrid\u003c/a\u003e 18:20 \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistasParamos?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#LasPeriodistasParamos\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/WomensDay?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#WomensDay\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/bB1e3tTMEH\"\u003epic.twitter.com/bB1e3tTMEH\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u2014 Carmela R\u00edos (@CarmelaRios) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CarmelaRios/status/971799935799758853?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003eMarch 8, 2018\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e#Madrid 18:20\u00a0#WeWomenJournalistsStrike #WomensDay\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy did they strike?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst of all, talking about change doesn\u0027t always translate into action.\u00a0According to a\u00a0\u003ca href=\"http://www.elprofesionaldelainformacion.com/contenidos/2017/may/16_esp.pdf\"\u003estudy\u003c/a\u003e published in \u003ca href=\"http://www.elprofesionaldelainformacion.com/index.html\"\u003eEl profesional de la informaci\u00f3n\u003c/a\u003e, men hold three-fourths of the highest management positions and two-thirds of editorial positions. Overall, 75 percent of Spanish executives are men.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecondly, the wage gap continues to exist in the field. Eighty-five percent of Spanish journalists earning less than 1,000 euros (about 1,200 US dollars) are women.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/HuelgaFeminista?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#HuelgaFeminista\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/8M?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#8M\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/lasperiodistasparamos?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#lasperiodistasparamos\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/eWvis1R7DM\"\u003epic.twitter.com/eWvis1R7DM\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u2014 Elsa Garc\u00eda de Blas (@ElsaGarciad) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ElsaGarciad/status/971815979897491457?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003eMarch 8, 2018\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTweet reads: #FeministStrike #8March #WeWomenJournalistsStrike\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSign in image reads: We are the granddaughters of the women who weren\u0027t allowed to write.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeyond economic demands, another key point in the manifesto was workplace harassment, following the wave of protests like #MeToo and #TimeIsUp. Women journalists run an extra risk: In addition to harassment by superiors and colleagues, they may also be harassed by sources. Furthermore, many Spanish publications have a culture of condescension and paternalism, as well as other types of microaggressions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"es\"\u003eHola, Paco: Recuerdas cuando me entrevistaste para trabajar (sin contrato) y me preguntaste si ten\u00eda novio para a\u00f1adir que en La Raz\u00f3n no nos pod\u00edamos quedar embarazadas porque \u201cesto no es como TV3\u201d? Eso es discriminaci\u00f3n. Hoy \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/lasperiodistasparamos?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#lasperiodistasparamos\u003c/a\u003e para que no se repita. Saludos\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u2014 Noelia Ram\u00edrez (@NoeliaRMontes) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NoeliaRMontes/status/971663980459683840?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003eMarch 8, 2018\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"\u0027translation\u2019 translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eFrancisco Marhuenda\u0027s tweet: This strike is a little petty. It\u0027s a lot of women who have never had a serious problem in their life. I\u0027ve never seen a publication discriminate because you\u0027re a man or a woman.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNoelia Ram\u00edrez\u0027s tweet: Hello, Paco: Remember when you interviewed me for a job (without a contract) and asked me if I had a boyfriend, then added that we couldn\u2019t get pregnant at La Raz\u00f3n newspaper because \u201cthis isn\u0027t like TV3\u201d? That\u2019s discrimination. Today journalists are on strike so that doesn\u2019t happen again. Cheers.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, the journalists demonstrated against biases in news coverage. Opinion segments and talk shows are male-centric.\u00a0According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.agenciasinc.es/Reportajes/Mujeres-ocultas-bajo-un-techo-de-papel\"\u003eGlobal Media Monitoring Project\u003c/a\u003e, 91 percent of experts and 82 percent of media spokespeople are men.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistasParamos?src=hash\u0026amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003e#LasPeriodistasParamos\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/z0GvJbrXcL\"\u003epic.twitter.com/z0GvJbrXcL\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u2014 RadioQHDN (@RadioQHDN) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RadioQHDN/status/971817849298800645?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003eMarch 8, 2018\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTweet reads:\u00a0#WeWomenJournalistsStrike\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSign in image reads: I can talk about politics and the economy \u2013 stop mansplaining!\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u00a0\u201cAll we needed was a spark to get out in the street and make our demands.\u201d\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe movement grew thanks to a group on the instant messaging service Telegram, which, in the days before the strike, facilitated discussions about the mobilization as well as the organization of the online manifesto campaign. It also focused on vetting new members of the group itself, given that one in particular, dedicated to receiving videos, was overrun by trolls who tried (unsuccessfully) to undermine the protest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the protest\u0027s organizers spoke with Global Voices about the defining characteristics of this protest and the elements that may have contributed to its success. We also asked what makes this occasion unique\u2013why is now the time that people are getting out on the street to fight for these demands?\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LuciaGlobato\"\u003eLuc\u00eda G\u00f3mez \u2013 Lobato\u003c/a\u003e: Las periodistas nos hemos conseguido organizar por primera vez, con lo que ello supone de arrastre de medios de comunicaci\u00f3n de todos los colores. La repercusi\u00f3n inevitable ha conseguido doblegar incluso a pol\u00edticos y con todo, la sociedad entera ha reaccionado. Efecto contagio y efecto bola de nieve, mucho.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LuciaGlobato\"\u003eLuc\u00eda G\u00f3mez \u2013 Lobato\u003c/a\u003e: Women journalists have succeeded in organizing for the first time, with an accompanying slowdown in media of all types. The repercussions have even had an impact on politicians. All of society reacted. It\u2019s contagious, a snowball effect.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/mjromerof\"\u003eMar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Romero\u003c/a\u003e: Solo hemos necesitado una chispa para salir a la calle a reivindicar. Los asesinatos del a\u00f1o pasado, la manada (\u003ca href=\"https://es.globalvoices.org/2017/11/21/juicio-por-violacion-multiple-en-espana-evidencia-el-escrutinio-impuesto-a-las-victimas/\"\u003eel caso de la violaci\u00f3n en grupo a una joven\u003c/a\u003e), el #metoo, el goteo continuo de actitudes machistas\u2026 Todo ha llenado el vaso de nuestra paciencia y en el caso de las periodistas s\u00f3lo ha bastado que unas pocas iniciaran el movimiento para acabar todas meti\u00e9ndonos de lleno, porque nuestras desigualdades son las mismas.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/mjromerof\"\u003eMar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Romero\u003c/a\u003e: All we needed was a spark to get out in the street and make demands. The murders that took place last year, the \u003ca href=\"https://es.globalvoices.org/2017/11/21/juicio-por-violacion-multiple-en-espana-evidencia-el-escrutinio-impuesto-a-las-victimas/\"\u003egang rape of a young girl\u003c/a\u003e, the #metoo movement, the continuous trickle of sexist attitudes\u2026 All of that has exceeded the limits of our patience. In the case of the journalists, it only took a few women initiating the movement for all of us to dive in headfirst, because the inequalities we face are the same.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/yupiay\"\u003eRoc\u00edo Ibarra Arias\u003c/a\u003e: Uff creo que ha sido la chispa, como en otras ocasiones. Bajo mi punto de vista, creo que hoy ha sido el resultado de un c\u00famulo de injusticias y la necesidad de decir a una de ellas b\u00e1sica: \u00a1BASTA YA! Pero no s\u00e9, creo que tambi\u00e9n hay una parte de necesidad de la gente de salir a la calle y mediante la uni\u00f3n demostrar que tenemos fuerza y tenemos el poder de cambiar las cosas. Y creo que las Periodistas Paramos ha sido un impulso.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/yupiay\"\u003eRoc\u00edo Ibarra Arias\u003c/a\u003e: I think that was the spark, like other occasions. From my point of view, I think today was the result of an accumulation of injustices and the need to say to one basic one: NO MORE! But I don\u2019t know, I also think part of it was people\u0027s need to get out in the street and use the power of numbers to demonstrate that we are strong and we have the power to change things. And I think the journalists\u2019 strike was one of those urges.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/anaoftherock\"\u003eAna de la Pena\u003c/a\u003e: Desde mi punto de vista, nosotras cubrimos la actualidad y aqu\u00ed este [a\u00f1o] se han difundido m\u00e1s los casos de violencia machista. Tambi\u00e9n hemos ido quitando la etiqueta \u201ctab\u00fa\u201d durante estos meses, tocando estos temas una y otra vez.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/anaoftherock\"\u003eAna de la Pena\u003c/a\u003e: From my point of view, we report the news, and cases of violence against women have been reported more this year. We\u2019ve also been eliminating the \u201ctaboo\u201d label as we\u0027ve touched on these topics over and over again during these past months.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/mariagrijelmo\"\u003eMar\u00eda Grijelmo\u003c/a\u003e: No lo s\u00e9, pero en el \u00faltimo a\u00f1o el n\u00famero de noticias sobre machismo y feminismo ha sido exponencial respecto a a\u00f1os anteriores. Un caldo de cultivo de muchos a\u00f1os de movilizaci\u00f3n feminista que ha ido calando en los medios y en las calles hasta conseguir vivir lo que hemos vivido hoy. Hemos hecho historia pero el movimiento es eso. Seguir caminando.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/mariagrijelmo\"\u003eMar\u00eda Grijelmo\u003c/a\u003e: I don\u0027t know, but in the last year, there\u2019s been an exponential increase in the amount of news reporting on sexism and feminism compared to previous years. It\u0027s taken many years of feminist mobilization in the media and in the streets to get to where we are today. We\u0027ve made history. That\u2019s the movement. Keep going.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Mar_iona\"\u003eMariona S\u00f2ria\u003c/a\u003e: Creo que el \u00e9xito de hoy es que por primera vez se han encontrado la primera generaci\u00f3n de mujeres feministas con las que se acaban de incorporar, que ven que la situaci\u00f3n que les toca vivir e tan nefasta como la de nuestras madres, precariedad, falta de oportunidades, patriarcado latente.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Mar_iona\"\u003eMariona S\u00f2ria\u003c/a\u003e: I think today\u0027s success is that the first generation of feminists has united with the newest wave, who are seeing that the situation they live in\u2013precarity, lack of opportunity, and the patriarchy\u2013is just as toxic as that of our mothers.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://@KristinaZA\"\u003eKristina Zorita\u003c/a\u003e: La cifra de mujeres asesinadas, la manada, una crisis que ha golpeado m\u00e1s a las mujeres, pueden ser parte de la causa.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://@KristinaZA\"\u003eKristina Zorita\u003c/a\u003e: The number of murdered women, the gang rape, the economic crisis that hit women the hardest\u2013that could all be part of the cause.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/claudiamoran90\"\u003eClaudia Mor\u00e1n\u003c/a\u003e: Yo creo que los casos medi\u00e1ticos de asesinatos machistas como [el de]\u00a0\u003ca href=\"https://elpais.com/tag/diana_maria_quer_lopez_pinel/a\"\u003eDiana Quer\u003c/a\u003e y \u003ca href=\"http://micuenta.laopinioncoruna.es/prok/info1/\"\u003eel intento de violaci\u00f3n en Boiro\u003c/a\u003e tuvieron mucho que ver. Este a\u00f1o se mezcl\u00f3 con el movimiento #metoo en EEUU y un presidente diciendo sobre legislar contra la brecha salarial.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"translation\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/claudiamoran90\"\u003eClaudia Mor\u00e1n\u003c/a\u003e: I think the media coverage of cases of violence against women, like the \u003ca href=\"https://elpais.com/tag/diana_maria_quer_lopez_pinel/a\"\u003eDiana Quer\u003c/a\u003e case and the\u003ca href=\"http://micuenta.laopinioncoruna.es/prok/info1/\"\u003e rape attempt\u003c/a\u003e in Boiro, have a lot to do with it. This year there\u2019s also the #metoo movement in Europe and a president talking about making laws to close the wage gap.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe economic crisis that hit Spanish media in 2007-2008 caused a spectacular increase in unemployment among journalists, and the worst affected were women. Unemployment among women in journalism is higher than among men\u201363.8%, to be exact, \u003ca href=\"http://www.apmadrid.es/comunicado/el-45-de-los-periodistas-autonomos-cobra-menos-de-1-000-euros-al-mes-cifra-diez-puntos-superior-que-en-2016/\"\u003eaccording to official data\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, more and more women are studying journalism. Six of every 10 students in the field are women, according to the Madrid Press Association\u2019s \u003ca href=\"http://www.apmadrid.es/comunicado/el-45-de-los-periodistas-autonomos-cobra-menos-de-1-000-euros-al-mes-cifra-diez-puntos-superior-que-en-2016/\"\u003ereport\u003c/a\u003e on data from the past four years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe historic demonstrations that took place on March 8 open the debate not only on decision-making in the media in Spain, but also on social and economic policies in other job sectors. Fifty years after the feminist slogan, \u201cThe personal is political,\u201d and the civil unrest that took place in May 1968 in France, the new generation of women seems to understand that the cause still needs them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e",
  "article_date": "16 March 2018",
  "article_id": 427,
  "article_link": "https://globalvoices.org/2018/03/16/why-did-women-journalists-strike-in-spain/",
  "article_title": "Why Did Women Journalists Strike in Spain?",
  "comment_id": "6077",
  "id": "6077",
  "llm_assisted_collection": true,
  "mapping_notes": [
    {
      "label_normalized": "appeal to authority",
      "label_original": "appeal to authority",
      "labels_rhetoric": [
        "reliability"
      ],
      "mapping_confidence": "medium",
      "notes": "Close to the existing SemEval bridge for appeal-to-authority rhetoric.",
      "techniques": [
        "appeal_to_authority"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "news_id": 427,
  "raw_split": "test",
  "respond_to": "",
  "source_dataset_url": "https://github.com/Crowd-AI-Lab/cocolofa",
  "source_loader": "cocolofa_loader",
  "source_path": "/mnt/c/Users/Dinah/Projects/RhetoricScore/data/external/cocolofa/test.json",
  "worker_id": 16
}

{
  "id": "cocolofa_test_1",
  "source_dataset": "cocolofa",
  "split": "test",
  "language": "en",
  "text": "Why can't the higher ups in journalism circles in Spain help these women? How about the former head of the Spanish Press Federation, Arsenio Escolar?  Couldn't he help stage an intervention? What year is it again?  It feels like Spain is still in the dark ages.  These men have the power, and they should not ignore the valid complaints of these women who should be treated as equals.",
  "context": null,
  "labels_original": [
    "appeal to authority"
  ],
  "labels_rhetoric": [
    "reliability"
  ],
  "techniques": [
    "appeal_to_authority"
  ],
  "span_start": null,
  "span_end": null,
  "is_manipulative": true,
  "annotation_quality": "external_validated_crowd",
  "mapping_confidence": "medium",
  "metadata": {
    "id": "6077",
    "news_id": 427,
    "respond_to": "",
    "worker_id": 16,
    "article_id": 427,
    "article_title": "Why Did Women Journalists Strike in Spain?",
    "article_date": "16 March 2018",
    "article_author": "Maria Luz Moraleda",
    "article_link": "https://globalvoices.org/2018/03/16/why-did-women-journalists-strike-in-spain/",
    "article_content": "<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>Some 8,000 women journalists from Spain, among them the author of this post, recently signed a manifesto called “<a href=\"https://lasperiodistasparamos.wordpress.com/\">Journalists On Strike</a>,” which was read during the “Feminist Strike” that took place on March 8 in a dozen cities in Spain.</p>\n<p>Neither the manifesto nor the strike were initiated by a union, political party, or media source, as is often the case. For the first time, women television show hosts, radio presenters, and newscasters decided to turn off their microphones in the studio and take their voices to the streets.</p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"><a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistasParamos?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#LasPeriodistasParamos</a><a href=\"https://t.co/IyIJBV00cO\">https://t.co/IyIJBV00cO</a></p>\n<p>— Ana Pastor (@_anapastor_) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/_anapastor_/status/971800911940063232?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 8, 2018</a></p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p>#WeWomenJournalistsStrike</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"es\">En la información parlamentaria trabajan muchas, muchas, muchas mujeres. Aquí algunas <a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistas?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#LasPeriodistas</a> paramos, también contra la <a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/miradaparacial?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#miradaparacial</a><a href=\"https://t.co/Z6NmYSWwOF\">pic.twitter.com/Z6NmYSWwOF</a></p>\n<p>— Sonia Sánchez (@sanchez_sonia) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/sanchez_sonia/status/971358926905241602?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 7, 2018</a></p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p>Many, many women work in parliamentary information. Here are some of the #Women<a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistas?src=hash\">Journalists</a> on strike and standing up against discrimination.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"><a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Madrid?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Madrid</a> 18:20 <a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistasParamos?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#LasPeriodistasParamos</a><a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/WomensDay?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#WomensDay</a> <a href=\"https://t.co/bB1e3tTMEH\">pic.twitter.com/bB1e3tTMEH</a></p>\n<p>— Carmela Ríos (@CarmelaRios) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/CarmelaRios/status/971799935799758853?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 8, 2018</a></p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p>#Madrid 18:20 #WeWomenJournalistsStrike #WomensDay</p></blockquote>\n<h3><strong>Why did they strike?</strong></h3>\n<p>First of all, talking about change doesn't always translate into action. According to a <a href=\"http://www.elprofesionaldelainformacion.com/contenidos/2017/may/16_esp.pdf\">study</a> published in <a href=\"http://www.elprofesionaldelainformacion.com/index.html\">El profesional de la información</a>, men hold three-fourths of the highest management positions and two-thirds of editorial positions. Overall, 75 percent of Spanish executives are men.</p>\n<p>Secondly, the wage gap continues to exist in the field. Eighty-five percent of Spanish journalists earning less than 1,000 euros (about 1,200 US dollars) are women.</p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"><a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/HuelgaFeminista?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#HuelgaFeminista</a><a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/8M?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#8M</a><a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/lasperiodistasparamos?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#lasperiodistasparamos</a><a href=\"https://t.co/eWvis1R7DM\">pic.twitter.com/eWvis1R7DM</a></p>\n<p>— Elsa García de Blas (@ElsaGarciad) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/ElsaGarciad/status/971815979897491457?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 8, 2018</a></p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p>Tweet reads: #FeministStrike #8March #WeWomenJournalistsStrike</p>\n<p>Sign in image reads: We are the granddaughters of the women who weren't allowed to write.</p></blockquote>\n<p>Beyond economic demands, another key point in the manifesto was workplace harassment, following the wave of protests like #MeToo and #TimeIsUp. Women journalists run an extra risk: In addition to harassment by superiors and colleagues, they may also be harassed by sources. Furthermore, many Spanish publications have a culture of condescension and paternalism, as well as other types of microaggressions.</p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"es\">Hola, Paco: Recuerdas cuando me entrevistaste para trabajar (sin contrato) y me preguntaste si tenía novio para añadir que en La Razón no nos podíamos quedar embarazadas porque “esto no es como TV3”? Eso es discriminación. Hoy <a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/lasperiodistasparamos?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#lasperiodistasparamos</a> para que no se repita. Saludos</p>\n<p>— Noelia Ramírez (@NoeliaRMontes) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/NoeliaRMontes/status/971663980459683840?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 8, 2018</a></p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"'translation’ translation\"><p>Francisco Marhuenda's tweet: This strike is a little petty. It's a lot of women who have never had a serious problem in their life. I've never seen a publication discriminate because you're a man or a woman.</p>\n<p>Noelia Ramírez's tweet: Hello, Paco: Remember when you interviewed me for a job (without a contract) and asked me if I had a boyfriend, then added that we couldn’t get pregnant at La Razón newspaper because “this isn't like TV3”? That’s discrimination. Today journalists are on strike so that doesn’t happen again. Cheers.</p></blockquote>\n<p>Finally, the journalists demonstrated against biases in news coverage. Opinion segments and talk shows are male-centric. According to the <a href=\"http://www.agenciasinc.es/Reportajes/Mujeres-ocultas-bajo-un-techo-de-papel\">Global Media Monitoring Project</a>, 91 percent of experts and 82 percent of media spokespeople are men.</p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"und\"><a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LasPeriodistasParamos?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#LasPeriodistasParamos</a><a href=\"https://t.co/z0GvJbrXcL\">pic.twitter.com/z0GvJbrXcL</a></p>\n<p>— RadioQHDN (@RadioQHDN) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/RadioQHDN/status/971817849298800645?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 8, 2018</a></p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p>Tweet reads: #WeWomenJournalistsStrike</p>\n<p>Sign in image reads: I can talk about politics and the economy – stop mansplaining!</p></blockquote>\n<h3><strong> “All we needed was a spark to get out in the street and make our demands.”</strong></h3>\n<p>The movement grew thanks to a group on the instant messaging service Telegram, which, in the days before the strike, facilitated discussions about the mobilization as well as the organization of the online manifesto campaign. It also focused on vetting new members of the group itself, given that one in particular, dedicated to receiving videos, was overrun by trolls who tried (unsuccessfully) to undermine the protest.</p>\n<p>Several of the protest's organizers spoke with Global Voices about the defining characteristics of this protest and the elements that may have contributed to its success. We also asked what makes this occasion unique–why is now the time that people are getting out on the street to fight for these demands?</p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/LuciaGlobato\">Lucía Gómez – Lobato</a>: Las periodistas nos hemos conseguido organizar por primera vez, con lo que ello supone de arrastre de medios de comunicación de todos los colores. La repercusión inevitable ha conseguido doblegar incluso a políticos y con todo, la sociedad entera ha reaccionado. Efecto contagio y efecto bola de nieve, mucho.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/LuciaGlobato\">Lucía Gómez – Lobato</a>: Women journalists have succeeded in organizing for the first time, with an accompanying slowdown in media of all types. The repercussions have even had an impact on politicians. All of society reacted. It’s contagious, a snowball effect.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/mjromerof\">María José Romero</a>: Solo hemos necesitado una chispa para salir a la calle a reivindicar. Los asesinatos del año pasado, la manada (<a href=\"https://es.globalvoices.org/2017/11/21/juicio-por-violacion-multiple-en-espana-evidencia-el-escrutinio-impuesto-a-las-victimas/\">el caso de la violación en grupo a una joven</a>), el #metoo, el goteo continuo de actitudes machistas… Todo ha llenado el vaso de nuestra paciencia y en el caso de las periodistas sólo ha bastado que unas pocas iniciaran el movimiento para acabar todas metiéndonos de lleno, porque nuestras desigualdades son las mismas.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/mjromerof\">María José Romero</a>: All we needed was a spark to get out in the street and make demands. The murders that took place last year, the <a href=\"https://es.globalvoices.org/2017/11/21/juicio-por-violacion-multiple-en-espana-evidencia-el-escrutinio-impuesto-a-las-victimas/\">gang rape of a young girl</a>, the #metoo movement, the continuous trickle of sexist attitudes… All of that has exceeded the limits of our patience. In the case of the journalists, it only took a few women initiating the movement for all of us to dive in headfirst, because the inequalities we face are the same.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/yupiay\">Rocío Ibarra Arias</a>: Uff creo que ha sido la chispa, como en otras ocasiones. Bajo mi punto de vista, creo que hoy ha sido el resultado de un cúmulo de injusticias y la necesidad de decir a una de ellas básica: ¡BASTA YA! Pero no sé, creo que también hay una parte de necesidad de la gente de salir a la calle y mediante la unión demostrar que tenemos fuerza y tenemos el poder de cambiar las cosas. Y creo que las Periodistas Paramos ha sido un impulso.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/yupiay\">Rocío Ibarra Arias</a>: I think that was the spark, like other occasions. From my point of view, I think today was the result of an accumulation of injustices and the need to say to one basic one: NO MORE! But I don’t know, I also think part of it was people's need to get out in the street and use the power of numbers to demonstrate that we are strong and we have the power to change things. And I think the journalists’ strike was one of those urges.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/anaoftherock\">Ana de la Pena</a>: Desde mi punto de vista, nosotras cubrimos la actualidad y aquí este [año] se han difundido más los casos de violencia machista. También hemos ido quitando la etiqueta “tabú” durante estos meses, tocando estos temas una y otra vez.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/anaoftherock\">Ana de la Pena</a>: From my point of view, we report the news, and cases of violence against women have been reported more this year. We’ve also been eliminating the “taboo” label as we've touched on these topics over and over again during these past months.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/mariagrijelmo\">María Grijelmo</a>: No lo sé, pero en el último año el número de noticias sobre machismo y feminismo ha sido exponencial respecto a años anteriores. Un caldo de cultivo de muchos años de movilización feminista que ha ido calando en los medios y en las calles hasta conseguir vivir lo que hemos vivido hoy. Hemos hecho historia pero el movimiento es eso. Seguir caminando.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/mariagrijelmo\">María Grijelmo</a>: I don't know, but in the last year, there’s been an exponential increase in the amount of news reporting on sexism and feminism compared to previous years. It's taken many years of feminist mobilization in the media and in the streets to get to where we are today. We've made history. That’s the movement. Keep going.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/Mar_iona\">Mariona Sòria</a>: Creo que el éxito de hoy es que por primera vez se han encontrado la primera generación de mujeres feministas con las que se acaban de incorporar, que ven que la situación que les toca vivir e tan nefasta como la de nuestras madres, precariedad, falta de oportunidades, patriarcado latente.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/Mar_iona\">Mariona Sòria</a>: I think today's success is that the first generation of feminists has united with the newest wave, who are seeing that the situation they live in–precarity, lack of opportunity, and the patriarchy–is just as toxic as that of our mothers.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"http://@KristinaZA\">Kristina Zorita</a>: La cifra de mujeres asesinadas, la manada, una crisis que ha golpeado más a las mujeres, pueden ser parte de la causa.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"http://@KristinaZA\">Kristina Zorita</a>: The number of murdered women, the gang rape, the economic crisis that hit women the hardest–that could all be part of the cause.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/claudiamoran90\">Claudia Morán</a>: Yo creo que los casos mediáticos de asesinatos machistas como [el de] <a href=\"https://elpais.com/tag/diana_maria_quer_lopez_pinel/a\">Diana Quer</a> y <a href=\"http://micuenta.laopinioncoruna.es/prok/info1/\">el intento de violación en Boiro</a> tuvieron mucho que ver. Este año se mezcló con el movimiento #metoo en EEUU y un presidente diciendo sobre legislar contra la brecha salarial.</p></blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"translation\"><p><a href=\"https://twitter.com/claudiamoran90\">Claudia Morán</a>: I think the media coverage of cases of violence against women, like the <a href=\"https://elpais.com/tag/diana_maria_quer_lopez_pinel/a\">Diana Quer</a> case and the<a href=\"http://micuenta.laopinioncoruna.es/prok/info1/\"> rape attempt</a> in Boiro, have a lot to do with it. This year there’s also the #metoo movement in Europe and a president talking about making laws to close the wage gap.</p></blockquote>\n<p>The economic crisis that hit Spanish media in 2007-2008 caused a spectacular increase in unemployment among journalists, and the worst affected were women. Unemployment among women in journalism is higher than among men–63.8%, to be exact, <a href=\"http://www.apmadrid.es/comunicado/el-45-de-los-periodistas-autonomos-cobra-menos-de-1-000-euros-al-mes-cifra-diez-puntos-superior-que-en-2016/\">according to official data</a>.</p>\n<p>However, more and more women are studying journalism. Six of every 10 students in the field are women, according to the Madrid Press Association’s <a href=\"http://www.apmadrid.es/comunicado/el-45-de-los-periodistas-autonomos-cobra-menos-de-1-000-euros-al-mes-cifra-diez-puntos-superior-que-en-2016/\">report</a> on data from the past four years.</p>\n<p>The historic demonstrations that took place on March 8 open the debate not only on decision-making in the media in Spain, but also on social and economic policies in other job sectors. Fifty years after the feminist slogan, “The personal is political,” and the civil unrest that took place in May 1968 in France, the new generation of women seems to understand that the cause still needs them.</p>\n</div>",
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